老子“无为”思想在管理实践过程中的应用

老子的“无为”思想在管理实践中的应用,应该考虑到组织管理内部的实际情况,特别是组织的管理者应该坚持“有所为,有所不为”,任用真正具备才能的管理人员参与到组织的管理过程中,帮助管理者形成核心管理能力,顺应人的天性制定管理的策略与方式,这样才能够把老子“无为”的思想贯彻于组织管理实践的始终,帮助组织管理实现可持续发展的机制与动力,推动组织在日益激烈的社会竞争中获得核心管理的竞争力。     

Incentives and teacher effort

Few would contest that teachers are a very important determinant of how much students learn in school, and how to improve teacher performance has been the focus of lively policy debate in both rich and poor countries. This paper examines how teacher incentives, both pecuniary and non‐pecuniary, correlate with teacher effort. Using school survey data from Lao PDR, we estimate measures of teacher effort, including the number of hours that teachers spend preparing for classes and teacher provision of private tutoring outside of class hours, which are not the typical measures used in previous research. Estimation results fit well under the standard labour supply framework and indicate that greater teacher effort is associated with non‐pecuniary incentives such as more teacher autonomy over teaching materials and monitoring as measured by the existence of an active parent – teacher association and the ability of school principals to dismiss teachers. Methodologically, this paper provides a detailed derivation of a simultaneous OLS‐probit model with school random effects that can jointly estimate teacher work hours and tutoring provision.     

领导者尊道贵德是实现无为而治的基础

老子无为而治思想一直是管理学家研究的热点,在吸收众多学者研究成果的基础上认为,老子无为而治思想与孔子、韩非子的无为而治思想有较大区别.老子无为而治思想是一个严密的体系,老子认为无为而治的实现有一个重要的前提条件,这个前提条件就是尊道贵德,没有这个前提条件,无为而治是可望而不可及的,领导者尊道贵德是实现无为而治的基础.     

“不知有之”:未来企业管理之应然境界

关于企业的管理思想,大致可以分为"有为"和"无为"两种。但直至今日,由于诸多缘由所限,我们对于老子"无为而治"智慧的运用还一直处于初级阶段——"少为",而不能把"无为而治"在管理中所能达到的最高境界——"不知有之"完全体现出来。为此,文章就未来企业的一些设想以及未来企业的最高管理层应如何"无为"才能实现"不知有之"的管理境界进行了系统的探析,希冀能为当代企业管理提供一个崭新的思考视角。     

论"为学日益,为道日损"之相关性

对于老子的"为学日益,为道日损",以往人们的解释是:"为学"表示外在知识的积累,"为道"表示内在精神境界的修养,把二者对立起来.其实经一系列论证,二者是相关的.学习这一中国古老的朴素哲学思想,可启迪今人之心灵,共创美好的和谐社会.     

Does mixed crop‐livestock farming lead to less diversified diets among smallholders? Evidence from Laos

Malnourishment continues to remain a challenge in developing countries. As the undernourished are largely smallholder farmers, it is widely assumed that farm diversification and mixed crop‐livestock agricultural systems can help alleviate this problem. However, empirical evidence in this context is limited. Hence, we use a two‐year panel's data from Laos to examine whether farm production diversity as well as a mixed crop‐livestock farming system improves household dietary diversity among smallholder farmer. The results from the fixed effects regression indicate that although farm production diversity does lead to a higher dietary diversity, the effect diminishes with continued farm diversification. The counterfactual analysis from the endogenous switching regression reveals that mixed crop‐livestock farming systems do not necessarily enhance dietary diversity. However, we further find that purchasing food from the markets plays an important role in enhancing the dietary diversity of rural smallholder farmers.     

城市规划与可持续发展--老子哲学对现代城市规划的启示

城市规划离不开哲学思维.古老的<道德经>蕴含着完善的生态智慧和人文精神.通过现代的思维方式理解老子哲学,并把它与现代城市规划工作联系起来,就会得到很多启示,这对于促进城市规划科学化、促进生态和环境保护工作、实现人类的可持续发展是十分有益的.     

劳乃宣的家世与受教考

劳乃宣出身于浙江嘉兴府桐乡县一个官宦世家、书香门第,自幼受到了良好的教育;但是他受劳家家学影响并不明显,主要得益于母亲沈蕊及沈家。这些为其后的从政及学术研究等奠定了良好的基础。     

“柔弱胜刚强”命题的真理性维度分析

"柔弱胜刚强"是老子哲学的重要命题,是老子关于"道"的弱用原则的理论依据。由于老子思维方式的特殊性,又造成了人们对该命题的误解。文章从老子的思想体系本身出发,提出正确理解这个命题的四个维度:道的维度、象思维的维度、社会治理的维度和价值的维度,并由此推出该命题成立的约束条件及其局限性。